In more recent times, Allied forces launched their campaign to conquer Italy with an amphibious landing in January 1944. Battles were being fought here as early as the fifth century BC. Get there: Train from Termini to Frascati (30 mins) then a taxi (15 mins).Anyone interested in military history might want to visit Anzio, an ancient coastal city 52 km (32 miles) from Rome. It's open Saturdays and Sundays, May–September, and Sundays the rest of the year. Its most exciting finds have been removed but there's still a small theatre, acropolis, amphitheatre and forum. Situated in the Colli Albani region, Tusculum dates back to the eighth century BC. Get there: Bus from Ponte Mammolo (25 mins). In the modern town of Tivoli, the 16th-century Villa d'Este (€9.30/£8.30) is known for its gardens and fountain-powered organ. There's a house on a moated 'island' and what could be a monument to his dead lover, Antinous. The emperor Hadrian retreated here, 20 miles east of Rome, towards the end of his reign and surrounded himself with 'souvenirs' of his empire at Villa Adriana (€8/£7). Get there: Train from Termini to Marina di Cerveteri (42 mins) then a taxi (15 mins). In town, visit the Museo Nazionale Cerite, which contains urns, sarcophagi and archeological finds, for €10 (£9) for a combined ticket. Get there: Train from Termini to Orvieto (1 hr), then bus to Civita (30 mins).Īround 30 miles northwest of the city is Cerveteri, home to the vast Necropoli della Banditaccia with its 400 domed tumuli, brick-built tombs and well-burials dating back to the ninth century BC. It's the first town in Italy to charge an entrance fee - €3 (£2.60) or €5 (£4.40) on weekends - but that hasn't put off visitors crossing the footbridge to its pedestrianised, and extremely photogenic, cobbled streets. The medieval village: Civita di BagnoregioĪ medieval town perched dramatically on a bluff overlooking the countryside, Civita di Bagnoregio has reinvented itself in recent years from a dying village to Rome's go-to weekend getaway. Get there: Train from Termini to Castel Gandolfo (45 mins). Those with energy can bike up Monte Cavo - a three-mile route of switchbacks - rising to 3,113ft. Lake Albano, at the foot of Monte Cavo, is a deep, twin-crater lake, overlooked by the Pope's summer residence, Castel Gandolfo. Get there: Train from Flaminio to Prima Porta (40 mins).Ī network of dormant volcanoes, Colli Albani's startling landscape has made it a favoured retreat from the capital. Perched high on a hill, the villa is half-ruined but still has mosaics, wall paintings and a huge terrace that's been planted with laurels. It rewards visitors with no queues and most likely a Roman villa to themselves - for free.
The Villa di Livia at Prima Porta - home to the wife of the emperor Augustus - is an easy afternoon out from the capital. Get there: 118 bus from Piramide to Catacombs of San Callisto (20 min). Just last year cars were banned, so it's ideal to walk or cycle. Leading out from Rome, it's still largely intact with ancient stone paving bordered by sites like the Christian catacombs of San Callisto, the Tomb of Cecilia Metella and the vast Villa dei Quintili. Running from Rome to Brindisi, the Appian Way was one of the empire's main trade routes. Get there: Coach from Ponte Mammolo (1 hr), and a hike up to the monasteries. The Monastero di Santa Scolastica is worth a visit, too. Drawn to the landscape, St Benedict lived here as a hermit for three years and Monastero di San Benedetto has since sprung up around his cave. Perched on a rock in the middle of Monti Simbruini natural park is this medieval borgo (town) overlooking a river-filled valley. Get there: Train from Porta San Paolo to Ostia Antica (25 mins). Finish off at the Lido di Ostia, the beach and nightlife hub of summer Rome.
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Highlights include the theatre, Piazzale delle Corporazioni (where intact mosaics depict the professional guilds that had HQs here) and the ancient fire station. What used to be the empire's most important port is now a city frozen in time - rather like a less-trafficked Pompeii.
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